Pergamum Antique City

Pergamum Antique City

Pergamum Antique City is unquestionably one of the most impressive archaeological sites in all of Turkey. Pergamum Antique City’ attractions are hard to surpass the breathtaking view from its theater carved out of the side of the acropolis, the magnificent restored Temple of Trajan, the foundations of the Great Altar of Zeus, the ancient healing center of Asclepius, the Temple of Serapis ( the Red Hall ), and the archaeological museum. A visit to Pergamum should not be rushed. There is much here to reward the patient visitor who will explore the riches of this ancient city.

The site of ancient Pergamum is scattered in and around the modern town of Bergama, located in the western part of Turkey, approximately 65 miles north of Izmir. According to ancient mythology, Pergamum Antique City was founded by TelephUS, king of Asia Minor and the son of Hercules (and thus the grandson of Zeus). Archaeological evidence indicates that Pergamum was settled as early as the 8th century b.c.e. Xenophon, the Greek historian who was involved in a mercenary expedition against the Persians, mentions that in 399 b.c.e. he and his soldiers spent some time at Pergamum. Little is known about Pergamum until the Hellenistic period, when Pergamum and all of Asia Minor came under the control of Alexander the Great. After the death of Alexander in 323 b.c.e.. LysimachUS, one of Alexander's generals ( the Diadochoi ) involved in the struggle for Alexander's kingdom, eventually gained control of all of Asia Minor. He deposited a considerable amount of wealth in the treasury of Pergamum and placed one of his officers, Philetaerus. in charge. Philetaerus eventually turned against Lysimachus. After Lysimachus' death, Philetaerus (r. 281-263 b.c.e.) used the money to establish a principality, with Pergamum as its capital.

the ASClepeion, the Bergama Archaeological Museum, the Red Hall and the Acropolis. Each of these is in a different location in and around Bergama and requires payment of a separate entrance fee. Between the Acropolis and the Asclepeion are the remains of the Roman stadium, theater, and amphitheater, all of which are in poor condition and are seldom visited.

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